Structural repair and rehabilitation is a process of restoring damaged or deteriorated involves a comprehensive inspection and assessment of the structure to determine the extent structures to their original or required strength, functionality, and safety. This process typically of the damage or deterioration and the appropriate repair and rehabilitation measures needed to address the issues.
The repair and rehabilitation process can involve several techniques, including: Structural strengthening this involves adding new elements, such as steel plates or carbon fiber wraps, to the existing structure to enhance its load-carrying capacity.
• Concrete repair – This involves repairing damaged or deteriorated concrete by filling in cracks, replacing sections of concrete, or applying a coating to protect against further deterioration.
• Grouting – This involves injecting a cement-based or epoxy-based material into voids or gaps in the structure to improve its load-carrying capacity or to seal leaks.
• Corrosion control – This involves treating corroded structural elements by removing rust. applying protective coatings, or installing cathodic protection systems.
Structural strengthening is the process of enhancing the load-carrying capacity of an existing structure, usually to address issues such as structural deficiencies, increased loads, changes in use or function, or seismic retrofitting. Structural strengthening is typically necessary when the original design of a structure no longer meets the requirements of its intended use or when the structure has deteriorated due to environmental or other factors.
Some of the Retrofitting & Repair Techniques are as following.
1 CARBON/GLASS FIBER WRAPPIN
Carbon/Glass fiber wrapping, also known as fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) wrap- ping, is a technique used strengthen and re- pair structural elements such as columns, beams, and walls. The process involves wrapping the structural element with car- bon or glass fiber reinforced polymer sheets, which are impregnated with a polymer resin. FRP wrapping offers several advantages over traditional strengthening methods, such as steel plates and concrete jackets. It is a lightweight, non-corrosive, and easy-to-install method that can be used to strength- en structures without adding significant weight or volume. It is also a cost-effective solution that can be used to extend the ser- vice life of structures and reduce the need for costly repairs and replacements.
FRP wrapping is commonly used in a variety of industries, including construction, infra- structure, and aerospace. It is a versatile technique that can be used to repair and strength- en a wide range of structural elements, from small columns to large bridges and buildings
2 STEEL JACKETING
Steel jacketing is a method used to repair and strengthen deteriorated or damaged concrete or masonry structures by adding an external steel layer to the structure. It is a commonly used method to improve the strength and stiffness of columns, beams, and other structural elements.
Steel jacketing can provide several benefits, including increased load-carrying capacity, improved stiffness and ductility, and en- hanced resistance to seismic events and other types of damage. It can also be used to improve the fire resistance of concrete and ma- sonry structures. However, the effectiveness of steel jacketing de- pends on several factors, including the quality of the steel, the de- sign of the jacketing, and the proper installation. Steel jacketing should be performed by trained professionals using appropriate materials and equipment.
3 MICRO CONCRETE JACKETING
Micro concrete jacketing is a technique used to repair and strengthen deteriorated or damaged concrete structures, particularly those with thin sections or where tradition- al involves applying a thin layer of micro concrete or high- repair methods may not be suitable. This technique strength mortar to the surface of the existing structure to provide additional strength, durability, and protection.
Micro concrete jacketing can provide several benefits, including increased load- carrying capacity, improved durability and corrosion resistance, and enhanced fire including repair of structural
elements such as beams, resistance. It can be used in a variety of applications, columns, and slabs, as well as for strengthening of building facades and other non- structural elements. Proper design and installation are critical to ensure the effectiveness and longevity of micro concrete jacketing.
4 REPAIR TECHNIQUES
Concrete repair is a process used to restore or rehabilitate damaged, deteriorated, or worn concrete structures, such as buildings, bridges, roads, and other infrastructure. Concrete repair may involve a range of techniques and materials, depending on the type and extent of damage, as well as the desired level of repair or rehabilitation.
Proper repair of concrete structures is essential to maintain their strength, durability, and safety. Concrete repair should be performed by trained professionals using appropriate materials and equipment. Careful assessment and planning are necessary to determine the most effective repair methods and materials for each situation.
5 PRESSURE INJECTION GROUTING’S
Pressure grouting is a technique used in construction to improve the strength and stability of concrete structures. It involves injecting a fluid material, such as cement or epoxy, un- der pressure into the ground or concrete to fill voids, cracks, and other spaces. The purpose of pressure grouting is to improve the load-bearing capacity of soils, increase the stability of foundations, and prevent water from entering structures. It is commonly used in the construction of bridges, dams, tunnels, and other large-scale infrastructure projects.
There are several types of pressure grouting, including permeation grouting, compaction grouting, and jet grouting. The type of grouting used depends on the nature of the soil or structure being treated and the desired outcome.
Overall, pressure grouting is an effective technique for improving the strength and stability of soils and concrete structures and is widely used in the construction industry.
6 STEEL REAINFORCEMENT REPAIRING
Reinforcement steel or rebar is a major material of construction. It is almost impossible to construct any structure without steel. Nowadays most of the old buildings or houses are deteriorating and their service life is also getting reduced day by day. Additional reinforcement repair is a method used to strengthen concrete structures that have been weakened due to factors such as overloading, or corrosion, age-related deterioration. This technique involves adding additional reinforcement to the existing structure to improve its load-carrying capacity and durability.
7 CONCRETE CRACK REPAIRING BY STICHING
Concrete is a popular construction material used in a wide range of structures, from buildings to bridges and roads. However, over time, concrete can develop cracks due to various factors such as freeze-thaw cycles, structural overload, and environmental exposure. One method of repairing concrete cracks is through stitching, which involves drilling holes across the crack and installing steel or carbon fiber stitching bars or rods to strengthen the cracked area.
Concrete crack repair by stitching is a cost- effective and durable solution for repairing cracks in concrete structures. It can extend the life of the concrete, prevent further damage, and restore the structural integrity of the affected area.
8 POLYMER MODIFIED MORTOR REPAIR
Polymer Modified Structural Repair is a polymer-modified and shrinkage-compensated rapid setting, high strength repair material designed for vertical and horizontal structural con- crete repairs. The material can be expanded with up to 10 lb (4.5 kg) of gravel and can be used for partial-depth repairs. Polymer Modified Structural Repair can be sculpted to match the contour or existing concrete
surfaces.
9 SOIL STABILIZATION
Technology that provides superior soil stabilization with immediate results, less down- time, more convenience and cost- effective than older methods. Generally uses at Concrete Crack Repair roads, bridges, building foundations, parking garages. Additional reinforcement repair is a method used to strengthen concrete structures that have been weakened due to factors such as corrosion, overloading, or age- related deterioration. This technique involves adding additional reinforcement to the existing structure to im prove its load- carrying capacity and durability.
Additional reinforcement repair is an effective method for strengthening and improving the durability of concrete structures. It is important to hire a professional contractor with experience in concrete repair to ensure that the repair is done correctly and to prevent further damage to the structure.